Samos (Greek: Σάμος) is a Greek island in the North Aegean sea, south of Chios, north of Patmos and the Dodecanese.

The Samian economy depends mainly on agriculture and the tourist industry which has been growing steadily since the early 1980s. The main agricultural products include grapes, honey, olives, olive oil, citrus fruit, dried figs and almonds, and flowers. The Muscat grape is the main crop used for wine production. Samian wine is also exported under several other appellations. Samian wines have won several international and domestic awards.

With the neighbouring islands of Icaria and Fourni, the island of Samos is administered as part of the Samos Prefecture. Samos includes four of the eight municipalities of the prefecture, which constitute more than 77 percent of the prefecture's population (2001 census). The island's capital and main port is the city of Vathy, most commonly called Samos; other municipalities are Karlovasi and Pythagoreio. The smallest of the component municipalities is Marathokampos.

Samos has a sister town called Samo, which is located in Calabria, Italy.